these four cant be really trainer no they result from the players resuts in the games. when you win a tournament ( or got to a got point in the tournament ) and also achieve the players goals ( for example being better than 300 in tbl ), confidence spirit and so on raise.
killer instic iam not sure but it seemes to raise with the players overall experience the more i won the more this stat raised. the effect is easy all together result in the mood the player is in before the next match and will raise or decrease your chance to win killer instic i think is the key to win points for example when engaging the net a smash or a long rally.

this is not 100% its only what i observed and thinking so no garantie but i think this should be near it

ah i forgot your second question, no a general guideline does not exist it depends on the players personality and the actual mood they are in but after some time you can anticipate what has a positive effect ( if you dont change the player to often^^ ) after often making things worse i stopped babbling to my player during matches^^