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Steam is very I/O intensive - it downloads encrypted and compressed diff chunks, decrypts them, then decompresses them. Thenafter, Steam stores a backup copy of the file pre-patch before applying the diff (creating another file), then deletes the backup copy.
Download speed is limited by:
* Your storage device's I/O capabilities
* Your CPU
* Your antivirus or other ring 0 kernel driver's (Firewall, device drivers, anti-cheats, ...) I/O efficiency
* Your ISP's peering agreements and infrastructure.
Pick one or multiple.
https://steamhost.cn/steamcommunity_com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=1082209554
By that extension, since Steam changed to zstd which is multithread capable, it's much more efficient in fully utilizing your network bandwidth. If you don't want to see full CPU util, get a better CPU.
I can't undestand why you can't read "when transferring game files in the network", of course a LOCAL one.
It won't kill your cpu unless your cooling is entirely inadequate. It'll just be busy until the task completes.
I agree with others, upgrade your CPU. I am on my old laptop with I9 10900 series chip which is much older than yours. I have no issues downloading/transferring files.
How fast data from internet transfers is depends on how fast your ISP. Even if CPU can handle it, it your ISP that is throttling the speeds.
It's just stupid to occupy all the cores for a file transfer, totally unneeded.