Well prop_physics are dymaically lit, you could try disablereceiveshadows, but I don't remember if that only stops it receiving it themselves. For the prop_static frame , did you try Disable shadows? You'd probably be better off maing it one prop_dyanmic or prop_physics with gib models

While more vertices will improve shading, It still looks wrong to me. Just from bounced light, they shouldn't be that black. Are your normals good? I've had instances where a normal was reversed and the result was black faces. Also if those vertices are embedded in the jam , they will be self shaded, and not get light. Try disabling self shadowing on the prop.