Current Version 1.00

Effect:
Replaces the need for any schools/universities. Doesn't have to have road 'coverage' like a school building does, entire city is covered, all tiles,

Benefit:
Everybody will eventually be 'highly educated'.
Capacity is 1 million for each level of education.
No need for any other education facility anywhere.

Con:
If you have industry or other aspects of gameplay that require low skills or unskilled labor you will have a problem filling those positions, eventually.
Leveling up areas without education may be a challenge.
Best played after all your areas are leveled up and then go an remove schools.

Benefit:
Massive power reserves (16000Mw), no pollution, eliminates freight traffic supplying standard power generation facilities.

Cons:
Huge noise (75). Also eliminates freight traffic supplying standard power generation facilities.

Gameplay:
You need to connect all your areas to this pwer plant resulting in power lines everywhere if the areas are spread around the map.
Power lines are suseptable to lightning strike outages.

Benefit:
It stops pollution. Over time, existing pollution goes away too.
It raises land value to maximum, city wide.

Effect:
Essentially a tourist generator.

Gameplay:
I play 81 tiles and have a NASA space center with ChirpX facility located in the far edge of the map.
While I had some hotels and other interesting unique science and tech building in the area I noticed hardly anyone visiting. After putting the space elevator there, I see mega amounts of tourists flock to the area and now visit other sites while there.

Making money:
The space elevator generates tourist dollars, but to really capitalize on it, have transportation take people to it and charge more money for each bus or trainload.
Also add additional tourist attractions nearby.

Cons:
Prepare for traffic issues especially if you've not yet got a refined public transport network. Also huge noise (100), so careful where you place it.
Best to separate the space elevator into a distant corner and make a tourist area.
Plan on plopping parking lots as well, otherwise cars will waunder looking for parking.

Effect:
A bit like the Hadron Collider but for Healthcare. Does away with the need for hospitals, also doesn't rely on road 'coverage'.

While not a Monument it still deserves a mention here.
This is a unique building, however it does have some effects to consider.

Benefit:
Its cool. You get to launch rockets. Who doesn't like launching rockets!
Its so cool I bought the pre release of Surviving Mars as a thank you. I'm such a sucker I know.
It draws tourists. But only when there is a Rocket on the launch pad.
Once the rocket is built and assembled it gets wheeled out on a rocket crawler, just like NASA did it.
Once on the launch pad, try and hold back your uncontrollable urge to send it into space.
It will draw a massive amount of tourists, like the Space elevator, from all around the map. That makes money. See notes on Space elevator on how to capitalize on that.

Cons:
It will draw a massive amount of tourists from around the map when a rocket is on the pad.
Plan for traffic, congestion, parking and transportation just like the Space Elevator.
Once you launch the rocket the tourist vacate en mass, like little roaches.
If you don't have other touristy things in the area they leave and go someplace else congesting the egress points.
Its loud but temporary.
It requires both Oil and Ore during the construction phase of each rocket. If you don't have enough industrial production of each, then it will import from outside, which in turn will congest your roads to the outside.