I'm having an issue with loading a saved game. The loading screen has a series of red and white squares, and then the game crashes. Is the problem with the mod, or with me? Any thoughts on how to fix it?

Strange. As far as I'm concerned there shouldn't be any issues. It sounds like you may have deleted the Art folder from the mod. Double check your folder, you will find it under My Documents / My Games / Sid Meier's Civilization 5 / MODS / Days of Sadat - State of Israel - Begin and Golda Meir (v 1) / Art. What you should have is 15 art files if not that would explain the problem otherwise the other problem could be you didn't replace the leader correctly.

Also I have the same problem as the files are 15,
but does not load and crashes.
The loading screen remains black with the icons of the pyramids of the game and the icon of American

I just checked and found that there are 15 files, and I didn't try to replace the leader either. It's literally a case of one save game working and another one later in the timeline not working. Any thoughts?

All the other leaders in your "Days of Sadat" civilization mods seem to work except Israel. When I go to set up a game after putting the mods in, the game works fine if I play with your mods as Jordan or as Saddam, etc, but Israel does not even show up on the list as a civilization you can choose.