Ravenfield

Ravenfield

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Flanders campaign
   
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Description
The Flanders campaign maps between 1792-1795 (Part of the French Revolutionary Wars).

Wikipedia:

The Flanders Campaign (or Campaign in the Low Countries) was conducted from 6 November 1792 to 7 June 1795 during the first years of the French Revolutionary Wars. A Coalition of states representing the Ancien Régime in Western Europe – Austria (including the Southern Netherlands), Prussia, Great Britain, the Dutch Republic (the Northern Netherlands), Hanover and Hesse-Kassel – mobilised military forces along all the French frontiers, with the intention to invade Revolutionary France and end the French First Republic. The radicalised French revolutionaries, who broke the Catholic Church's power (1790), abolished the monarchy (1792) and even executed the deposed king Louis XVI of France (1793), vied to spread the Revolution beyond France's borders, by violent means if necessary.

A quick French success in the Battle of Jemappes in November 1792 was followed by a major Coalition victory at Neerwinden in March 1793. After this initial stage, the largest of these forces assembled on the Franco-Flemish border. In this theatre a combined army of Anglo-Hanoverian, Dutch, Hessian, Imperial Austrian and, south of the river Sambre, Prussian troops faced the Republican Armée du Nord, and (further to the south) two smaller forces, the Armée des Ardennes and the Armée de la Moselle. The Allies enjoyed several early victories, but were unable to advance beyond the French border fortresses. Coalition forces were eventually forced to withdraw by a series of French counter-offensives, and the May 1794 Austrian decision to redeploy any troops in Poland.

The Allies established a new front in the south of the Netherlands and Germany, but with failing supplies and the Prussians pulling out they were forced to continue their retreat through the arduous winter of 1794/5. The Austrians pulled back to the lower Rhine and the British to Hanover from where they were eventually evacuated. The victorious French were aided in their conquest by Patriots from the Netherlands, who had previously been forced to flee to France after their own revolutions in the north in 1787 and in the south in 1789/91 had failed. These Patriots now returned under French banners as "Batavians" and "Belgians" to 'liberate' their countries. The republican armies pushed on to Amsterdam and early in 1795 replaced the Dutch Republic with a client state, the Batavian Republic, whilst the Austrian Netherlands and the Prince-Bishopric of Liège were annexed by the French Republic.

Prussia and Hesse-Kassel would recognise the French victory and territorial gains with the Peace of Basel (1795). Austria would not acknowledge the loss of the Southern Netherlands until the 1797 Treaty of Leoben and later the Treaty of Campo Formio. The Dutch stadtholder William V, Prince of Orange, who had fled to England, also initially refused to recognise the Batavian Republic, and in the Kew Letters ordered all Dutch colonies to temporarily accept British authority instead. Not until the 1801 Oranienstein Letters would he recognise the Batavian Republic, and his son William Frederick accept the Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda as compensation for the loss of the hereditary stadtholderate.
Items (3)
Fleurus (1794)
Created by StaLunFelia2006
Battle of Fleurus (1794) 26 June 1794 Fleurus, Austrian Netherlands First French Republic VS Habsburg Monarchy Dutch Republic Electorate of Hanover Great Britain Commanders and Leaders: France: Jean-Baptiste Jourdan Jean-Baptiste Kléber Louis Antoine de Sa...
Hondschoote
Created by StaLunFelia2006
Battle of Hondschoote 6–8 September 1793 Hondschoote, French Republic First French Republic VS Great Britain Hannover Hesse-Kassel Commanders and Leaders: France: Jean Nicolas Houchard Jean-Baptiste Jourdan Allies(Great Britain, Hannover, etc): Duke of Yor...
The Dunes
Created by StaLunFelia2006
Siege of Dunkirk (1793) August 24 to September 8, 1793 Dunkirk, Nord, France First French Republic VS Great Britain Habsburg Monarchy Electorate of Hanover Hesse-Kassel Commanders and Leaders: France: Joseph Souham Allies: Duke of York(UK) Wikipedia: The S...
In 1 collection by StaLunFelia2006
French Revolutionary Wars
25 items