The Sapsan People's Army (SPA) has its origins in the revolutionary upheavals that occurred in Sapsan following the Second Great War. The early history of Sapsan was characterized by widespread unrest as the republic worked to rebuild after years of conflict and destruction. During this period, the Sapsan Republic aligned itself with socialist and communist ideologies, significantly influenced by surrounding countries and powerful factions within the Berkut Pact. This alignment helped establish the initial framework for the Sapsan People's Army.

Historical Foundation of the Sapsan People's Army
After the Second Great War, Sapsan experienced political and economic turmoil, leading to the government's adoption of communism to promote economic equality. The Sapsan People’s Army (SPA) emerged as the military backbone of the Sapsan Republic, tasked with defending against internal and external threats. The SPA promoted socialist principles, focusing on unity, collectivism, and state-led economic strategies. Military service was seen as a patriotic duty, emphasizing sacrifice for the collective good and fostering a strong brotherhood among its primarily veteran leadership. This culture significantly influenced both the army’s doctrine and broader society.

Causes of the Sapsan Civil Conflict
Over time, the socialist regime in Sapsan became corrupt, and economic mismanagement ultimately resulted in severe financial crises. In response, reformers began advocating for democratic changes, which created a sharp ideological divide within the country. Ultimately, the government was overthrown by a coalition of former criminals who had become politicians; they abandoned socialism in favor of an authoritarian regime. This betrayal of socialist ideals alienated many citizens and set the stage for an eventual uprising.

Military Doctrine and Strategy
The SPA's military doctrine initially drew heavily from the principles of the Berkut Pact, emphasizing guerrilla tactics, rapid mobilization, and defensive strategies aimed at protecting the state's integrity and autonomy. This doctrine also prioritized large-scale, well-equipped infantry divisions prepared for prolonged conflict. However, as the civil conflict progressed and the SPA's leadership became increasingly authoritarian, the doctrine shifted to focus on suppressing internal dissent and maintaining control over its territories.

In contrast, the Sapsan Democratic Opposition Forces (SDOF) adopted a more guerrilla-oriented approach, with strategies centered on agility, local support, and the element of surprise. The SDOF's tactics took advantage of the SPA's declining morale and depleted resources, targeting strategic points and employing urban warfare techniques that the SPA was unprepared to counter.

Technology and Logistics
The SPA, weakened by years of mismanagement, faced logistical challenges and outdated equipment, mainly relying on Soviet-era technology. While efforts to modernize were hindered by ongoing conflict, external support significantly influenced both sides. The Kestrel Alliance Pact, particularly the Kestrel Soviet Socialist Republics & Hawk Empire, supplied the SPA with weapons and limited training to maintain Sapsan as an authoritarian ally. In contrast, the Eagle Federation and the Raven Union provided the SDOF with advanced arms and training, enabling them to secure modern weaponry and logistics, giving them an edge over SPA forces.

Key Conflicts and Changing Tactics
As the civil war escalated, key battles highlighted the shifting power dynamics within Sapsan. In one early conflict, the Siege of Velka exposed the Strategic People's Army's (SPA) logistical weaknesses, as the Sapsan Democratic Opposition Forces (SDOF) guerrilla units cut off critical supply lines, crippling the SPA's ability to support its own troops. Meanwhile, in the Battle of Kharov Plain, SPA forces, bolstered by weaponry supplied by Kestrel, launched an aggressive push to regain territory. However, their lack of coordination ultimately led to high casualties and only temporary gains.

The death of General Chun-Soo, a key leader within the SPA, following an airstrike by an Raven SU-34, marked a turning point in the conflict. Without his guidance, the SPA struggled with fragmented leadership, and troop morale plummeted. In the aftermath, the army's unity fractured, and factions within the SPA began to emerge, each vying for control.Influence and Legacy
As the civil war continued, both sides experienced growing strain. The SDOF (Sapsan Democratic Opposition Forces) was strengthened by their vision for a democratic future, while the SPA (State Power Authority) faced alienation from its supporters due to its authoritarian structure. The conflict in Sapsan, exacerbated by external powers backing opposing factions, underscored the regional power struggle and the broader ideological divide across the continent.

The legacy of the conflict is shaping a new Sapsan, where loyalty to the state is increasingly questioned and the possibility of democracy seems within reach. The alliance between the Eagle Federation and the Raven Union with the SDOF symbolizes a shift toward international support for democratic movements, whereas the Kestrel Soviet Socialist Republics backing of the SPA highlights the resistance to ideological change within the region.